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Afder ((ソマリ語:''Afdheer'')) is one of the nine Zones of the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Afder is bordered on the southwest by the Ganale Dorya River which separates it from Liben, on the west by the Oromia Region, on the north by Fiq Zone, on the northeast by Gode, and on south by the Provisional Administrative Line with Somalia. The administrative center of Afder is Hargele; other towns in Afder include Cherti and Weldiya. In April 2006, in partnership with Al-Nejah Relief, CHF International began a program to restore shallow wells and improve sanitation habits in the Afder and Gode Zones of the Somali Region.〔CHF International, (''Grassroots Conflict Assessment in the Somali Region'' ) (Aug. 2006), p. 7 (accessed 12 December 2008)〕 == Demographics == Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this Zone has a total population of 570,629, of whom 325,764 are men and 244,865 women. While 45,763 or 8.02% are urban inhabitants, a further 316,032 or 55.38% were pastoralists. The largest ethnic group reported in Afder was the Somalis (91.83%); all other ethnic groups made up 8.17% of the population. Somali language is spoken as a first language by 88.21%; the remaining 11.79% spoke all other primary languages reported. 99.19% of the population said they were Muslim.〔(Census 2007 Tables: Somali Region ), Tables 2.1, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2 and 3.4.〕 The 1997 national census reported a total population for this Zone of 358,998 in 53,075 households, of whom 200,948 were men and 158,050 were women; 25,747 or 7.17% of its population were urban dwellers. (This total also includes an estimate for the inhabitants of 9 rural kebeles, which were not counted; they were estimated to have 6,526 inhabitants, of whom 3,222 were men and 3,304 women.) The two largest ethnic groups reported in Afder were the Somali (96.21%) and the Oromo (1.29%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.5% of the population. Somali was spoken as a first language by 93.23% of the inhabitants, and Oromiffa by 2.16%; the remaining 4.61% spoke all other primary languages reported. Concerning education in the Zone, 3.43% of the population were considered literate; 0.57% of children aged 7–12 were in primary school, while a negligible number of the children aged 13–14 were in junior secondary school, and none of children aged 15–18 were in senior secondary school. About 24.2% of the urban houses and 6.7% of all houses had access to safe drinking water at the time of the census; about 23% of the urban and 4.3% of the total had toilet facilities.〔(''1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Somali Region, Vol. 1'' ) Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.12, 2.15, 3.5, 3.7, 6.11, 6.13 (accessed 12 January 2009). The results of the 1994 census in the Somali Region were not satisfactory, so the census was repeated in 1997.〕 According to a May 24, 2004 World Bank memorandum, none of the inhabitants of Afder have access to electricity, this zone has a road density of 8.3 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers, the average rural household has 0.6 hectare of land (compared to the national average of 1.01 hectare of land and an average of 2.25 for pastoral Regions)〔Comparative national and regional figures comes from the World Bank publication, (Klaus Deininger et al. "Tenure Security and Land Related Investment", WP-2991 ) (accessed 23 March 2006) This publication defines Benishangul-Gumaz, Afar and Somali as "pastoral Regions".〕 and the equivalent of 3.1 heads of livestock. 28.2% of the population is in non-farm related jobs, compared to the national average of 25% and an average of 28% for pastoral Regions. 12% of all eligible children are enrolled in primary school, and none in secondary schools. 100% of the zone is exposed to malaria, and none to Tsetse fly. The memorandum gave this zone a drought risk rating of 660.〔(World Bank, ''Four Ethiopias: A Regional Characterization'' ) (accessed 23 March 2006).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afder Zone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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